Class : Class is the 1st OOPs concept .Class defines the characteristics of objects which includes its attributes , fields properties and behavior . Let us say we have a class called car , then the color , model number , top speed can be its attributes and properties . Accelerating , breaking , turning will be its behavior .
Objects: Objects can be considered as a thing that performs a set of related functions .Programming objects are used to model real worlds objects. An object is also an instant of a class . For our class Car , Ferrari will be our object
Instance : One can have an instance of a class; the instance is the actual object created at runtime. The set of values of the attributes of a particular object is called its state. The object consists of state and the behaviour that’s defined in the object’s class.
Method :Also called as functions in some programming languages , methods defines the behavior of particular objects . For our Car class , turning() , breaking () will be our methods .
Inheritance : a parent class can inherit its behavior and state to children classes. This concept was developed to manage generalization and specialization in OOP .Lets say we have a class called Car and Racing Car . Then the attributes like engine no. , color of the Class car can be inherited by the class Racing Car . The class Car will be Parent class , and the class Racing Car will be the derived class or child class
Abstraction : representing only the important details without including all the details . For example the car Ferrari can be treated as simple car only .
Encapsulation:The wrapping up of data and functions into a single unit is called as encapsulation . For example the class car has a method turn () .The code for the turn() defines how the turn will occur . So we don’t need to define how Mercedes will turn and how the Ferrari will turn separately . turn() can be encapsulated with both.
Polymorphism: Its an important OOPs concept , Polymorphism means taking more than one forms .Polymorphism allows the programmer to treat derived class members just like their parent class’s members. More precisely, Polymorphism in object-oriented programming is the ability of objects belonging to different data types to respond to calls of methods of the same name .If a Dog is commanded to speak(), this may elicit a bark(). However, if a Pig is commanded to speak(), this may elicit an oink(). Each subclass overrides the speak() method inherited from the parent class Animal.
Objects: Objects can be considered as a thing that performs a set of related functions .Programming objects are used to model real worlds objects. An object is also an instant of a class . For our class Car , Ferrari will be our object
Instance : One can have an instance of a class; the instance is the actual object created at runtime. The set of values of the attributes of a particular object is called its state. The object consists of state and the behaviour that’s defined in the object’s class.
Method :Also called as functions in some programming languages , methods defines the behavior of particular objects . For our Car class , turning() , breaking () will be our methods .
Inheritance : a parent class can inherit its behavior and state to children classes. This concept was developed to manage generalization and specialization in OOP .Lets say we have a class called Car and Racing Car . Then the attributes like engine no. , color of the Class car can be inherited by the class Racing Car . The class Car will be Parent class , and the class Racing Car will be the derived class or child class
Abstraction : representing only the important details without including all the details . For example the car Ferrari can be treated as simple car only .
Encapsulation:The wrapping up of data and functions into a single unit is called as encapsulation . For example the class car has a method turn () .The code for the turn() defines how the turn will occur . So we don’t need to define how Mercedes will turn and how the Ferrari will turn separately . turn() can be encapsulated with both.
Polymorphism: Its an important OOPs concept , Polymorphism means taking more than one forms .Polymorphism allows the programmer to treat derived class members just like their parent class’s members. More precisely, Polymorphism in object-oriented programming is the ability of objects belonging to different data types to respond to calls of methods of the same name .If a Dog is commanded to speak(), this may elicit a bark(). However, if a Pig is commanded to speak(), this may elicit an oink(). Each subclass overrides the speak() method inherited from the parent class Animal.
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